Tipping the balance: the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

/in , /by

This article discusses the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity and provides a basic understanding of these diseases, which forms the basis for understanding the importance of weight loss in their treatment.
PMID: 22054144 [PubMed – in process] (Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Physiology of weight loss surgery.

/in , /by

Authors: Park CW, Torquati A
Abstract
The clinical outcomes achieved by bariatric surgery have been impressive. However, the physiologic mechanisms and complex metabolic effects of bariatric surgery are only now beginning to be understood. Ongoing research has contributed a large amount of data and shed new light on the science behind obesity and its treatment, and this article reviews the current understanding of metabolic and bariatric surgery physiology.
PMID: 22054145 [PubMed – in process] (Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America)

The economic costs of obesity and the impact of bariatric surgery.

/in , /by

Authors: Richards NG, Beekley AC, Tichansky DS
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has far-reaching implications for the economic and health care future in the United States. Treatments that show reduction in health care costs over time should be approved and made available to as many patients as possible. It is our opinion that bariatric surgery meets this criterion. However, bariatric surgery cannot provide the impact necessary for reduction in health care and economic costs on a national scale. The obesity epidemic must be addressed by policy efforts at the local, state, and national levels. As experts on obesity, bariatric surgeons must be prepared to guide and inform these efforts.
PMID: 22054147 [PubMed – in process] (Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America)

The history and evolution of bariatric surgical procedures.

/in , /by

Authors: Baker MT
Abstract
The search for the ideal weight loss operation began more than 50 years ago. Surgical pioneers developed innovative procedures that initially created malabsorption, then restricted volume intake, and eventually combined both techniques. Variations, alterations, and modifications of these original procedures, combined with intense efforts to follow and document outcomes, have led to the evolution of modern bariatric surgery. More recent research has focused on the hormonal and metabolic effects of these procedures. These discoveries at the cellular level will help develop possible mechanisms of weight loss and comorbidity reduction beyond the traditional explanation of reduced food consumption and malabsorption.
PMID: 22054148 [PubMed – in process] (So…

Surgical Treatment for Morbid Obesity: The Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass.

/in , /by

Authors: Powell MS, Fernandez AZ
Abstract
Over the past 20 years bariatric surgery proved to be a valid treatment for reduction and elimination of obesity-related diseases and long-term sustainable weight loss. Minimally invasive or laparoscopic techniques such as laparoscopic Roux-en-Y (LRNY) have replaced open procedures. Many factors play important roles in the small intricacies and variations of the procedure, chief of which is the creation and size of the gastrojejunostomy. Regardless of the variations in technique, the LRNY remains the gold standard for the surgical treatment of clinically severe or morbid obesity, with relatively low morbidity and mortality.
PMID: 22054149 [PubMed – in process] (Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America)

Complications of Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass.

/in , /by

Authors: Al Harakeh AB
Abstract
Despite the well-documented safety of laparoscopic RYGB, several short-term and long-term complications, with varying degrees of morbidity and mortality risk, are known to occur. Bariatric surgeons, all too familiar with these complications, should be knowledgeable in risk-reduction strategies to minimize the incidence of complication occurrence and recurrence. Bariatric and nonbariatric surgeons who evaluate and treat abdominal pain should be familiar with these complications to facilitate early recognition and intervention, thereby minimizing the associated morbidity and mortality.
PMID: 22054150 [PubMed – in process] (Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Complications of adjustable gastric banding.

/in , /by

Authors: Snow JM, Severson PA
Abstract
Adjustable gastric banding (AGB) has become increasingly used by bariatric surgeons and their patients as the surgical weight loss procedure of choice. The popularity of this procedure is in large part a result of the remarkable safety profile and low initial complication rate. Complications of AGB were initially believed to be minor and infrequent, but longer-term studies have increasingly described complications that lead to revisional surgery. In addition, a larger fraction of patients fail to lose weight than with other surgical weight loss procedures, frequently necessitating conversion to these other options.
PMID: 22054152 [PubMed – in process] (Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America)

Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch.

/in , /by

Authors: Sudan R, Jacobs DO
Abstract
The biliopancreatic diversion with a duodenal switch (BPD-DS) is a less commonly performed but very effective bariatric procedure that has been in existence for more than 20 years. It is particularly effective for the resolution of diabetes and is associated with the highest weight loss among other bariatric operations. Typically, the BPD-DS is not associated with postgastrectomy symptoms, such as dumping and marginal ulceration. Because of its complexity, it has usually been performed by laparotomy in the past; but, more recently, minimally invasive techniques are being used with acceptable risk.
PMID: 22054154 [PubMed – in process] (Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America)

Impact of bariatric surgery on comorbidities.

/in , /by

Authors: Kaul A, Sharma J
Abstract
Published data show that bariatric surgery not only leads to significant and sustained weight loss but also resolves or improves multiple comorbidities associated with morbid obesity. Evidence suggests that the earlier the intervention the better the resolution of comorbidities. Patients with metabolic syndrome and comorbidities associated with morbid obesity should be promptly referred for consideration for bariatric surgery earlier in the disease process.
PMID: 22054155 [PubMed – in process] (Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America)

Bariatric surgery outcomes.

/in , /by

Authors: Dumon KR, Murayama KM
Abstract
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of death, and morbid obesity carries a significant risk of life-threatening complications such as heart disease, diabetes, and high blood pressure. Bariatric surgery is recognized as the only effective treatment of morbid obesity. The estimated number of bariatric operations performed in the United States in 2008 was more than 13 times the number performed in 1992. Despite this increase, only 1% of the eligible morbidly obese population are currently treated with bariatric surgery.
PMID: 22054156 [PubMed – in process] (Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America)